Mercantilism: notes and terms

Mercantilism

--Under mercantilism, the government directed all economic activities within its borders, rate private profit to public good. In particular, government seek to minimize imports and maximize exports. England applied this doctrine to the States. But to fuck off the system work, Britain would have to control America too, keep it from job with other partners.

--But many incline attempts at controlling American trade = unenforced. 1 reason = sheer distance amid colonies and England. Second = politics. Almost all of American colonies = founded before sacendanc of fantan in 1688, or when ultimate authority in England = uncertain. a good deal of the time, rulers in Englnd = too concerned with domestic affairs or wars in Europe to think of Americas.

--But when Charles II acceded, colonies = significant becoming to protect. Thus, merchants pressed Navigation Acts, 1660,63. Basic principles = always the same:

1) debar all trade with colonies except in ships owned or contructed there or in England and manned by crews at least 3/4 English or colonial.

2) keep transportation of certain goods from colonies to any place besides England.

3) with some exceptions, forbid transportation of European or Asiatic goods to America from an place besides England.

--Later modification = mostly additions to list of restrict goods, or limitations or encouragements of colonial products.

--Acts gave government more income, at least indirectly.

--Problem of the Dutch: Dutch = at peak at this time. Would be hard to enforce Navigation Acts against their trade with colonies. Charles essay to end Dutch presence in N. America by giving Dutch New Netherlands to his brother and successor, James. He too k it easily. But Dutch waged war on England and go on to violate Navigation Acts.

--Establishment of the various colonies:

Virginia: First permanent English settlement in N. America = Jamestown, 1607, eventually...

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